Spanish Phrases: Spanish chemistry terms
This page presents Spanish equivalents of various important chemistry
terminology, including basic concepts and names of elements, types
of molecule and functional groups.
Basic chemistry concepts
| la química | - | chemistry | | la química orgánica | - | organic chemistry | | un elemento | - | an element | | un átomo | - | an atom | | un átomo de oxígeno/hidrógeno | - | an oxygen/a hydrogen atom | | una molécula | - | a molecule | | un isótopo | - | an isotope | | el número atómico | - | the atomic number | | un cuerpo compuesto | - | a compound, compound matter | | la clasificación periódica (de los elementos químicos) | - | the periodic classification (of chemical elements), the "periodic table" | | un ion | - | an ion | | un ion nitrato | - | a nitrate ion | | un ion positivo/negativo | - | a positive/negative ion | | un catión | - | a cation | | un anión | - | an anion | | un enlace (químico) | - | a (chemical) bond | | un enlace doble | - | a double bond | | un enlace covalente | - | a covalent bond | | un enlace iónico | - | an ionic bond | | un enlace metálico | - | a metallic bond |
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Types of chemicals
| un ácido | - | an acid | | un aldehído | - | an aldehyde | | un alqueno | - | an alkene, olefine | | un alquino | - | an alkyne | | una amina | - | an amine | | aromático | - | aromatic | | una base | - | a base | | una cetona | - | a ketone | | un éster | - | an ester | | un halógeno | - | a halogen | | un hidrocarburo | - | a hydrocarbon | | un metal | - | a metal | | un monómero | - | a monomer | | un polímero | - | a polymer | | radioactivo | - | radioactive | | una función | - | a functional group | | la función alcohol (-OH) | - | the alcohol group (-OH) |
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Names of some common elements
A few elements that have "everyday" names, such as gold, copper
silver, sulphur and lead, also have traditional, unpredictable names in Spanish.
However, the Spanish names of the vast majority of chemical elements are
completely predictable given the English. In general:
- -ium becomes -io in Spanish;
- English double letters or letter groups are simplified
in Spanish (th > t; ch > c; ll > l);
- the letter y becomes i in Spanish;
- the ending -on of the noble gases becomes -ón (but, on
the other hand, boron is boro);
- the occasional endings -ine and -um also
simplify to -o (tantalum > tántalo;
chlorine > cloro;
astatine > astato).
Applying these rules explains, for example, beryllium > berilio,
lithium > litio, cadmium > cadmio,
yttrium > itrio. The rules about simplifying letter groups have,
however, gone by the wayside in some recently-named elements such
as Rutherfordium > rutherfordio,
Hassium > hassio.
Note that practically all chemical elements are masculine in
Spanish (except plata).
| el eluminio | - | aluminium | | el azufre | - | sulphur, sulfur (US) | | el boro | - | boron | | el carbonom | - | carbon | | el cinc | - | zinc | | el cloro | - | chlorine | | el cobalto | - | cobalt | | el cobre | - | copper | | el flúor | - | fluorine | | el fósforo | - | phosphorus | | el helio | - | helium | | el hidrógeno | - | hydrogen | | el hierro | - | iron | | el magnesio | - | magnesium | | el manganeso | - | manganese | | el neón | - | neon | | el níquel | - | nickel | | el nitrógeno | - | nitrogen | | el oro | - | gold | | el oxígeno | - | oxygen | | la plata | - | silver | | el plomo | - | lead | | el potasio | - | potassium | | el sodio | - | sodium | | el yodo | - | iodine |
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Describing chemical reactions
This section gives some basic vocabulary for describing
types of chemical reaction in Spanish, plus describing a
chemical equation.
| una reacción | - | a reaction | | reactivo | - | reactive | | un oxidante | - | an oxydiser | | un producto | - | a product | | un reductor | - | a reducer | | la catálisis | - | catalysis | | un catalizador | - | a catalyst | | una ecuación química | - | a chemical equation | | una fórmula molecular | - | a chemical formula, molecular formula | | una fórmula desarrollada | - | a structural formula | | una fórmula semidesarrollada | - | a semiempirical formula | | el tipo de reacción | - | the reaction type | | el mecanismo de la reacción | - | the reaction mechanism | | una reacción ácido-base | - | an acid-base reaction | | una reacción equilibrada | - | an equilibrium reaction | | una reacción de oxidación-reducción | - | an oxydation-reduction reaction | | una reacción total | - | a total reaction |
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Page written by Neil Coffey. Copyright (c) Javamex UK 2008. All rights reserved. |
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